Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 24

Communication - Essay Example Professional communication skills, especially strategic, leadership and organizational communication help individuals to develop competence in communication in their areas of expertise (Birkinshaw, 10). Most individuals who take up Masters’ degree classes in Communication are professionals seeking to enhance their knowledge in communication beyond basic communication. Aside from training students on essential communication skills, the institution works to instill a passion for theoretical and intellectual discovery that goes beyond the expectations of the course and the career objectives of students. The UCCS encourages students to undertake their own research into communication as a discipline. This research is supplementary to the lessons learnt in class that are ascribed to communication such as essential skills of effective communication and the application of these skills to different relevant settings (McKay & Martha, 79). According to the program’s homepage, the expectation upon graduation is that every student will possess an advanced and broad-based understanding and knowledge of the processes of communication and the theories concerning organizational communication relevant to the student’s area of interest. This is important, considering the fact that in any career, communication is imperative to performing well (Birkinshaw, 18). Knowledge and understanding of organizational communication enables a professional to relate well with his or her colleagues at the workplace. Issues such as the effective delivery of instructions espouse satisfactory performance, which leads to effectiveness in undertaking duties (Worth, 40). The program also intends to equip every student with communication skills. Communication skills entail the analysis of contexts and critical thinking. With regard to critical thinking, students are taught to process

Analysis of the Film Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge Essay

Analysis of the Film Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge - Essay Example The mother who is well aware that the father is set in his views and is unlikely to change his mind encourages the young lovers to elope. This is the stage where the story deviates from the general trend because the young man is determined that he will only marry the girl he loves with the approval of both her parents, irrespective of the cost and irrespective of how long the process takes. He then embarks on a persistent campaign to win the father’s approval and at the end of a period of sustained suffering, he is able to finally achieve the desired objective. One of the important aspects to be considered in film analysis is the historical context within which the film story is set. For instance, as Hogan states, an essay that examines a film like Mildred Pierce should of necessity, analyse the changing sociological position of women which occurred during the post world war period, because the historical events of the war resulted in women being forced to participate more act ively in jobs that were formerly restricted to men only but were falling vacant because they were being drafted into the armed forces to fight the war (Corrigan,88). Similarly, DDLJ is a significant film when assessed using a historical perspective. This film can be compared to another Hindi film titled Bobby that was produced and marketed in the 70s. In this film, the spoilt young son of a rich man falls in love with a poor girl belonging to a different religion. i.e., Christianity. The young lovers solve the problems arising from the rich-poor chasm existing in Indian society by eloping. This film reflects the prevailing mood in Indian society during that period when a love marriage was viewed as a near impossibility since arranged marriages were the norm and viewed as the ideal condition for marriage and one which was also socially acceptable.

Successful and Unsuccessful Organisation Communication

Successful and Unsuccessful Organisation Communication Table of Contents (Jump to) Introduction: Scenario 1: Successful Organizational Communication Evaluation and Analysis: Factors that help in successful communication: Clarity of message: Conciseness: Concreteness: Familiarity: Coherent: Voice Tone: Completeness: Courtesy: Make request not demand: Scenario 2: Ineffective organizational communication Evaluation and Analysis: Barriers to Effective Communication in an Organization Perceptual Barrier: Language Barrier: Failing to ask for Explanation: Channel Problem: Emotions: Lack of Feedback: Lack of clarity: Conclusion: References Organizational Communication: Processes Underlying Communication Success and Failure Introduction: The purpose of this essay is to identify possible potential reason for successful and unsuccessful organizational communication. Effective communication is an important factor for the success of any organization but there are certain barriers that cause failure in effective communication. By critical evaluation of factors that helps in successful communication, organizational communication can be improved (van Vuuren, de Jong, Seydel, 2007). Effective communication is necessary in every organization, without proper communication no organization can run because organization consists of people and people are interdependent on each other so it is necessary to identify those factors that become hurdles in communication. This essay includes real life scenario of both successful as well as unsuccessful communication in order to critically evaluate reasons for successful and unsuccessful communication (Eisenberg, 2009). Miscommunication does not only create problems within the organization, it also creates problems outside the organization. Poor communication with customers can lead an organization towards failure whereas those organizations that is very conscious about their communication with customers can create superior customer value. Scenario 1: Successful Organizational Communication When I was doing internship at bank I had some problems, I was new there and was not fully aware about the organizational procedures, once my manager told me to prepare the list of those customers whose account balances are below desired average and then call them. As I was new there and didn’t know the process well so I asked my colleague to help me out but due to work pressure he couldn’t help me. I was very worried because the deadline to complete the task was near, so I decided to talk to my manager I told him that I am not fully aware about the organizational process. My manager was a very nice person he listened to me carefully and explained me the procedure to complete the task, he gave me some very useful advises and due to proper communication I completed my task within the deadline. Evaluation and Analysis: Effective communication means transfer of complete information from one person to another person or from one group to another group. Managers must possess good communication skills because they have to deal with their subordinates. The above scenario descries that communication skills of the manager is very good. The manager is considered as good manager because he is able to effectively communicate with the employee (Eisenberg, 2009). Some people naturally possess communication skills and some develop their skills by learning. The manager has the ability to lighten up a conversation and inspire employee to explain the problem and work according to the requirements. Good communication is a two way process and in the above scenario manager and employee both get the result of their conversation (van Vuuren, de Jong, Seydel, 2007). Factors that help in successful communication: Effective communication is necessary to survive in this society and in any organization, it helps us to understand a situation or a person and to solve problems, differences and to build trust. For effective communication it is very important that communicator possess effective communication skills and the environment facilitate the communication (Myers, Sadaghiani, 2010). Factors that help in effective communication are mention below; due to these factors the purpose of the communication can be achieved. Clarity of message: Clarity is very necessary for effective communication. Communicator must be clear about the goal or the message which he wants to communicate because if the communicator is not clear about the message then he cannot convert the message properly to other person. In the above scenario I was clear about my problem so I effectively communicated my problem with the manager. Conciseness: In the above scenario the message was concise and effectively communicated with the manager, the benefit of conciseness is that you can stick to the main point and briefly define it. In this fast paced society nobody has time to listen to your worries for half an hour. For an effective communication it becomes necessary that your message should be concise and clear (Bambacas, Patrickson, 2008). Concreteness: The message should be concrete because concrete message can give the clear picture to the audience of what a communicator is trying to telling them. Vague messages and vivid facts confuse the audience and the objective of communication will fail (Bambacas, Patrickson, 2008). Familiarity: According to Ashcraft, Kuhn, Cooren (2009), for effective communication it is important to use familiar images and words. Irrelevant words and images transfer audience attention towards irrelevant point. Familiar examples plays very important role in effective communication and helps communicator to create an emotional bond with the audience. Coherent: When your communication is consistent, it’s coherent. For communicating effectively you should connects all the points to make the topic relevant and logical. Non-consistency creates trouble for the audience to understand your message. In the described scenario the message was coherent and that’s why manager understood the problem of his employee (Espaà ±a, Gonzà ¡lez, Pastor, 2009). Voice Tone: Voice tone creates an especial effect in communication. Same words with different tone can be perceived differently and portray different meaning. You cannot speak to all in the same way. For effective communication it is important to make sure that the tone is right so that it will help audience to get the message properly (Miller, 2014). Completeness: Message should be complete because most of the time incomplete messages become the reason of miscommunication. In the above scenario complete message was communicated and become one of the reasons for successful communication (Myers, Sadaghiani, 2010). Courtesy: Courteous communication is open, friendly and honest. There are no harsh words and tone in courteous communication. People prefer courteous communication because courtesy creates the feeling of sympathy and respect between communicator and audience. Nobody likes to hear harsh words so courtesy plays important role in effective communication (Bambacas, Patrickson, 2008). Make request not demand: Demands can create resistance in audience and limit dialogue. For effective communication it is necessary to use soft tone and persuade others to listen. Arrogant tone and demand creates negative impact on others. In the described scenario request to the manager solved the problem (Ashcraft, Kuhn, Cooren, 2009). For the success of any organization effective communication is necessary. Organizations often consider poor communication as their biggest barrier for the success. Therefore, organizations conduct effective training programs. By proper training communication skills can be developed in employees and helps to reduce those errors which occur due to miscommunication (Miller, 2014). Scenario 2: Ineffective organizational communication When I was working as a sales person in a group of 8 members, I observed a scenario of miscommunication. My sales manager told one of my team members that he is very slow in achieving his target and he has to increase his sales progress within a quarter. He misunderstood the word quarter and thought that he has a quarter of year, while according to the manager the quarter means quarter of a month (Johansson, Heide, 2008). After quarter of a month when my manager asked him to show his progress he said he still have time and he will achieve his target within the time limit. The manager got angry told my colleague that it’s his last chance to show his progress otherwise he will be fired from the job. According to my colleague that was manager’s fault, he had to mention that he was talking about quarter of a month. Due to ineffective communication my colleague didn’t get his bonus (Welch, Jackson, 2007). Evaluation and Analysis: Ineffective communication creates serious problems within an organization. Poor communication can hinder the efficiency of an organization. Vague messages and irrelevant examples distract the employees (Ashcraft, Kuhn, Cooren, 2009). Barriers to Effective Communication in an Organization The specific employee could not achieved to ask the exactly detail about the spoken word of his manager. This led him fall in trouble. The lack of understanding and lack of explanation ascent the communicational gap, ultimately resulting in halting appraisal and other promotional work. Here are some of the most common barriers which can be found in an organization while communicating. Perceptual Barrier: It is the most common issues which individuals are facing these days and the above given scenario is an appropriate example of this barrier. Diverse perception of every person gives rise to a requirement for effective and efficient communication (Espaà ±a, Gonzà ¡lez, Pastor, 2009). In the above scenario my group member took the orders in another way because the sales manager was not clear when he was giving orders to him. Language Barrier: Language that explains what anyone would want to communicate and express to others. In today’s fastest changing globalized world of business, the maximum accolade that one can pay to another is by effectively and clearly communicating and speaking to them in their own language. People need to comprehend that the workers’ native language can be different from others. In the above scenario the language of the group member was as same as the manager but the problem arise when the manager used word quarter. And the group member misinterpreted it (Welch, Jackson, 2007). Failing to ask for Explanation: There is nothing wrong in not understanding anything, one can ask for explanation but it’s a poor approach not to ask for explanation to that person. In the above scenario the same thing happened the group mate did not ask the manager for further clarification of the order. Channel Problem: The channel used by the manager would not be so much proper. Non appropriate channel provides the weak information. Channel and mode of communication is much necessary. If the black and white circular has been given to him then the matter would be unbridle and employee could not be misunderstood. The utilization of channel by the manger of that specific company should be realized appropriately (Bambacas, Patrickson, 2008). This is the matter how the manager would be professional, a professional manager only expect the professional attitude of the employee. If the channel (verbal) used by manager could not be used and transformed other channel like (non verbal) then matter clarifies and also proved in black and white saved to claim. Emotions: Another barrier is emotion. It is also consider as a major barrier within communication and fail to maintain the good communication process. This problem leads an organization more into peril and complete blockage in the barrier of the achievements. At that time specific staff was with hatred sentiment in fear position, while the manager was angry. In mean while no one more focus on month or year. On one hand fear control brain to ask question while on other side feelings covers head to define dead line exactly (Espaà ±a, Gonzà ¡lez, Pastor, 2009). Lack of Feedback: Before completion of entire process of communication, no one can say that it is effective communication (Johansson, Heide, 2008). Lack of feedback is a major blockage in path of achievement. Effective communication cannot be done without using the proper channel of feedback. If specific employee responds at the spot, so all the matters were cleared and he could achieve his target with in deadline. In this continuation, if the manager emphasizes on feed back then he could be in a position to evaluate more appropriately about the situation and perception of the employee. Lack of clarity: To avoid the ineffective communication the matter (message) should be cleared enough to provide all the information regarding topic. Manager though failed to produce clear and effective matter that provides the information about the dead line. Ultimately leads employee into demotion and fell him into hot water. If the massage was cleared and calmly penetrated then the communication gap could not be found. Ineffective communication could not only impact only on staffs but also pull an organization from achieving its very and prescribed goals (Bambacas, Patrickson, 2008). Conclusion: In this paper, organisational communication and its effective and ineffective parts have been discussed. It has been discussed that communication is very important factor in an organisation. It is very essential to know the way people communicate as its impacts on others is significant in developing successful relationships and success. In the paper, effective and ineffective ways of communication have been discussed with the help of real life examples. Organisational communication can be improved and made more effective by altering their feeling and thoughts for their co-workers. This is the only way people cannot just stop communication hurdles, but in this way they can build very strong and long term relations. If all people in an organization be enough responsible to ensure they work in full efficiency and effectiveness with their colleagues, despite many limitations come in the way, they will always know how to defeat them as responsible employees of the organisation. References Ashcraft, K. L., Kuhn, T. R., Cooren, F. (2009). 1 Constitutional Amendments:â€Å"Materializing† Organizational Communication.The academy of management annals,3(1), 1-64. Bambacas, M., Patrickson, M. (2008). Interpersonal communication skills that enhance organisational commitment.Journal of Communication Management,12(1), 51-72. Eisenberg, E. M. (2009). Organizational Communication: Balancing Creativity And Constraint Author: Eric M. Eisenberg, HL Goodall, Angela Trethwey. Espaà ±a, S., Gonzà ¡lez, A., Pastor, Ó. (2009, January). Communication Analysis: a requirements engineering method for information systems. InAdvanced Information Systems Engineering(pp. 530-545). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Johansson, C., Heide, M. (2008). Speaking of change: three communication approaches in studies of organizational change.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,13(3), 288-305. Miller, K. (2014).Organizational communication: Approaches and processes. Cengage Learning. Myers, K. K., Sadaghiani, K. (2010). Millennials in the workplace: A communication perspective on millennials’ organizational relationships and performance.Journal of Business and Psychology,25(2), 225-238. van Vuuren, M., de Jong, M. D., Seydel, E. R. (2007). Direct and indirect effects of supervisor communication on organizational commitment.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,12(2), 116-128. Welch, M., Jackson, P. R. (2007). Rethinking internal communication: a stakeholder approach.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,12(2), 177-198.

Rights Of Egyptian Women Essay -- essays research papers fc

Rights of Egyptian Women Throughout written history, women have experienced status subservient to the men they lived with. Generally, most cultures known to modern historians followed a standard pattern of males assigned the role of protector and provider while women were assigned roles of domestic servitude. Scholars speculate endlessly at the cause: biology, religion, social custom. Nevertheless, the women were always subordinated to the men in their culture. Through their artwork, tomb inscriptions, and papyrus and leather scrolls, preserved in the dry, desert air, Ancient Egyptians left evidence for scholars suggesting that Egypt was once a peculiar exception to this pattern. Anthropological evidence suggests that unusual circumstances in Ancient Egyptian culture provided for women to be given equal status to their male counterparts: notably, matrilineal inheritance and emphasis on the joy of family life over maintaining ethnic purity. Legally, women in Ancient Egypt held the same legal rights as men. A woman could own property and manage it as she saw fit. One example of this, the Inscription of Mes, provided scholars with proof that women could manage property, institute litigation, and could act as a witness before a court of law. Surviving court documents not only showed that women were free to take action with the court, but the documents also show that they frequently won their cases. They could also enter contracts and travel freely, unescorted, throughout the state. This is a great contrast to women in Greece, who were required to act through a male representative. Interestingly, property and its administration was passed from mother to daughter, matrilineally. The Egyptians relied on matrilineal heritage, based on the assumption that maternal ancestors are less disputable than paternal ones. The effect of legal equality in writing and practice coupled with the ownership and administration of property led to an ensured equality. The rights and egalitarian conditions enjoyed by Egyptian women shocked the conquering Greeks. In 450 BC, Greek historian Herodotus noted: They Egyptians, in their manners and customs, seem to have reversed the ordinary practices of mankind. For instance, women attend market and are employed in trade,... ...providing scholars with an examples of conditions that brought about a particularly benign development of male-dominance in Ancient Egypt. Sources Cited: Tansey, Richard. Gardner's Art Through the Ages. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace Publishers, 1996 91-93. Tyldesley, Joyce. Daughters of Isis. New York: Penguin Books Ltd, 1994. Bibliography Ahmed, Leila. Women and gender in Islam: historical roots of a modern debate. London: Yale University Press, 1992. Lesko, Barbara S. Women's Earliest Records. Atlanta, GA: Scholar's Press, 1989. Piccione, Peter A. "The Status of Women in Ancient Egyptian Society" History of Ancient Egypt Page. http://www.library.nwu.edu/class/history/B94/B94women.html 16 Oct, 1996 Robins, Gay. Women in Ancient Egypt. London: British Museum Publications, 1993. Tucker, Judith E. Arab Women: Old Boundaries, New Frontiers. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1993. Tyldesley, Joyce. Daughters of Isis. New York: Penguin Books Ltd, 1994. Unesco. Social Science Research and Women in the Arab World. London: Frances Pinter, 1984. Watterson, Barbara. Women in Ancient Egypt. Great Britain: Alan Sutton Publishing, 1991.

Current Economic Policy Essay

From 2006 up to the present, the economy of the United State has been performing great in general. Gross Domestic Product increased by significant rate enough to encourage the foreign investors to invest in the country. Furthermore, more jobs have been created for the labor marker creating huge improvement on the welfare of the workers, thus, increasing their income. Around more than 850,000 jobs has been created in the economy from 2006 up to the present. Energy prices, on the other hand, seem to become worse after oil prices in the international market has been increasing sharply for the past years. Because of the said increase in the prices of oil in the market, it negatively affects the non-energy goods and services since oil is one of the major components of production processes in most of the industries in the economy. Inflation also increased as a consequence of the increasing prices of the commodities in the market due to the rising oil prices. Inflation rate, since 2006, stood high enough to impose panic to the consumers and there is a possibility that the latter might just lower down their spending making. Moreover, the housing industry also made the improvement of the GDP sluggishly and this is the side effect of the massive housing spending of the market in 2005 not to mention that the disposable income of the consumers today is not that high enough as compared to 2005. Although there are certain hindrances on the improvement of GDP or economic improvement of the country, still, the economy manages to offset those costs by the benefits derived from the good market condition of the international market which in turn advance the trade balance of our country. In addition to that, increasing job opportunities makes the depletion in the consumption of the consumers to slow down since income of the workers improves as more job were created in the economy. Furthermore, labor productivity helps the private firms to reinvigorate their profitability and sales volume making the government able to charge higher taxes to be used for financing government projects for the economy. Proposed Economic Stabilization Policy One of the possible way by which the US government could further stabilize the growth of the US economy would be through lower down the tax rate that the government has been charging especially for the multinational corporations. Through cutting down the tax rate of the companies in the market, especially those multinational corporations since it could offset the rising salaries of the laborers due to the high demand for laborers in the market. It was identified that because of the high demand for laborers in the market due to the fast-faced growth of the economy for the past years, the bargaining power of the laborers for higher salaries increased imposing threats for a higher operational costs for the private firms. The improvement of the income of every household could helped the economy revitalized the housing market that is why an increase in the salaries of the laborers is badly needed in the market today. So as not to sacrifice the welfare of the private firms which also contributes largely to the sustainable growth of the economy of the past years, the only option of the government is to lower down the taxes that they are charging from these people. In short, it is the government who would shoulder the burden or the costs of improving the housing industry not to mention that there is a great possibility that disposable income of the consumer group might increase due to the increase in their salaries. For sure, the job losses on the part of the government due to the lack of fund to finance government projects after the taxes being collected to large corporation would be offset by the additional job vacancies being created by the private industry every month in the economy. This only points out that even if this kind of policy would slow down the construction of infrastructures for the public or any government services being offered in the economy is very insignificant as compared to those persons or group of person that will benefits from this kind of policy. Policy Target The said proposed policy would only cover multinational and corporation type of companies for these are the business entities that employs the majority of the worker in the market. Moreover, international branches of the said corporation will also be included in the said proposed policy. For multinational company, tax rate would depend on the level of their profitability and sales volume. Whereas, corporations or those companies that only operate on the US market would have a fixed tax rate just to account their financial capabilities and the amount of labor force that they are utilizing for their operation. Current Use of the Policy Well, so far, President George W. Bush actually advocating the importance of tax cuts in order to protect the interest of the producers or private firms in the market for they are the one who drags the economy towards progress as well as the increase in the salaries of the workers in the economy (Seib, 2007). Moreover, the issue regarding this tax rate reduction becomes more interesting to the presidential candidates and serves as part of their platforms in their campaign. The reason behind the popularity of tax cutting to most of the presidential candidate is due to the fact that this issue encompasses not only the private sector but also the consumer and labor group of which the majority are voters for the up coming election. Although politically driven, there is still a basis for the presidential candidates to propose and support such said kind of policy for the economy, and true enough, tax cutting is being viewed as one of the possible solution for the growth of the US economy to become more sustainable. But then again, after considering those benefits than can be derived from implementing this kind of policy, based also from the tax cutting model of President Bush, there is a little possibility that this would not be implemented in the near future alongside with other economic policies of the government. Potential Problems and Issues Although the consumers and the private firms will be well-off from the shouldering of the government of the costs of high oil prices in the market, still, the insufficient amount of available budget for the coming fiscal period would surely made the provision of government project become sluggish. As most of the economists know, government plays a vital role in maintaining equilibrium condition in the economy like the provision of public goods. These are goods that when provided by the private firms would only caused inefficiencies and ineffectiveness on producing such goods, thus, worsening the welfare of the consumer group. Like for instance, the provision of street lights, it is the government’s responsibility to give its citizens with street light for the security of the latter. By cutting the tax being charge to the corporation, there is a big chance of having insufficient funds for street lighting perhaps, or unfinished roads for a couple of months due to lack of funds and so on and so forth. Tax, on the field of public economics, only causes losses on the societal welfare. It only creates gain for the society if it is being used as a correctional tool to put back the economy into its equilibrium state. Like in the case of negative externality emitters in the economy, the are being charged by higher tax that the usual amount in order to force them to cut down their production or to slow down their operation on the optimal level for the society. The only point here is that, tax cutting would just make the budget deficit problem of the government to become worse assuming that the gains from the performance of the economy will not change that significantly for the next couple of fiscal periods. But since the Federal Reserve predicts that the US economy would still expand for the next period, then, tax cutting will not worsen the budget deficit of the government as what is being expected by some of the government officials.

Bully Prevention Program Essay

This program has become successful at the Midway elementary school in Utah, because it is ran off of four hallmarks which are: Lead to systematic change, garner commitment for all, teach comprehensive strategies and skills and continue year after year. Within the paper, I will discuss my belief of the succession of this type of program in an elementary school setting in inner city Philadelphia schools. Bully Prevention Program In recent years, bullying within schools has become one of the most serious issues we have been faced with. Data shows that children as young as age 11 have committed suicide because they were no longer able to deal with the pressure of being bullied. Because of this and other factors involving school bullying, congress have begun to work on a legislation called the safe school improvement act, which require schools to collect data and establish certain guidelines regarding disciplinary actions and they must also come up with a system to register complaints to combat bullying within their schools. However, since this is not a law that has been enacted, Brent Burnham, a school counselor at Midway Elementary School in Midway, Utah has decided to implement her own school wide bullying prevention program at her school. The bully prevention program at Midway elementary was implemented 7 years ago. Within the program, Burnham has developed four core principles that she believes has made their program successful. The first of the four principles is, lead to systematic change. This principle says that there must be a change within the school at all levels and there must be a change ithin the community as well, because in order for the program to be successful, you must change the culture of the schools environment. The second principle that Burnham implemented was garner commitment for all. This principle says that all of the schools staff, including the school bus driver, should be on board with the implementation of the program for the program to be a success. The third principle in the bully prevention program is, to teach comprehensive strategies and skills. This principle says that effective programs must be comprehensive and there are certain skills that are required by the staff so that they can identify a bullying situation. And the final principle is to continue year after year. In order for the program to be a full success, it must be consistent in what it provides. Often times, schools will start a program but will not follow through with it year after year and the program will then fizzle out. The bully prevention program at Midway elementary also has key components which are implemented sequentially. These components are, administrative support: you must have the support from the staff and the school administration, and a strong support team. Data: proper record keeping must be kept; also the program should be evaluated. Staff training: all staff should be trained on how to recognize and identify bullies and their victims and also be able to determine if a situation is a true violation of the no bullying policy that has been set forth. Student awareness and education: all should be fully aware of the bully policy and clear on the consequences if the policy is violated. There should also be lessons taught to the students about bullying and bully prevention. Critical social skills training to the students: Once the basics have been taught to the students, they will still need additional training on this policy so continuous guidance lesson plans will need to be developed and taught throughout the school. Lastly, targeted intervention for bullies and victims: by keeping proper records of the bullying incident that occur within the school, it will be easy to identify bullies and their targeted victims. Once these children are identified, there will be specific programs for these children. The bullies will express why it is they bully and help will be provided to those students and the victims so they can try to get over the fear they may have. After reading this article, I find that there are some pros and cons to this type program being implemented at inner city schools in Philadelphia. One pro of having this type of program would be to lower the crime rate within the schools. Often times, children bullying other children lead to more violent crimes, for instance, the shooting that happened at Columbine High School in Columbine, Colorado. Two students embarked on a massacre killing 12 of their classmates and one teacher because they were fed up with being bullied. By having this type of program and addressing these issues early, these types of crimes or less serious crimes can be prevented. Another pro to this type of program is that it teaches children social skills and teach them how to manager their anger and behavior. This program can increase the children’s level of awareness on how bullying can extremely affect their victims and themselves. Another pro to the bully prevention program is that it offers training to the staff. This is a great idea so that everyone will be on the same page in the fight to eliminate and prevent bullying. Also, providing intervention to the bullies is great as well. You have to teach children things while they are young. If this type of program is successfully implemented in elementary schools and in middle and high schools, bullying can be virtually eliminated. However, with pros, there are also cons to the program. One con is trying to get everyone on board. Within the city of Philadelphia, it is historically known that many parents do not partake in their child’s education in the manner that they should, this is one reason why the high school dropout rate is so high. So; trying to get parents on board for the no bullying program may be hard. Since this program is set up for all stakeholders to be involved, without parents help, the program may not be as successful. Another con to this program is the term and definition of bullying being misunderstood and misinterpreted by the staff that is to put into action the consequences for this behavior. What you do not want to happen is, children who are simply horse playing or just kidding around with one another being accused of bullying when that was not the case. The training to the staff must be thorough and put into clear plain terms so little is left to be assumed. With bullying becoming an epidemic, I believe this type of program is definitely needed and has the potential to be successful within all levels of schools within the School District of Philadelphia. The program may need to be tweaked for each grade level (elementary, middle and high school) but if it is implemented properly it could be a success. School counselors are in a unique position with having to put in place such a program and to be sure that it work, but this is why they are trained very well to address these types of social emotional behaviors. Although the pros of having such a program out weight the cons, the major problem that could be a potential road block for implementing the program is funding. The School District of Philadelphia has reached a plateau in its budget deficit and recently laid off many of its employees including the superintendent. However, with the right proposal for the program, I can not see this being turned down by the board. I think this is something that is definitely needed so that we as counselors can save our children and our community. References Burnham, Brent. (2011, July 1). School wide bully prevention program. http://schoolcounselor. membershipsoftware. org/article_content. asp? article=1215.